[Misafir]

Events (May 12th)

• 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre.
• 1264 - The Battle of Lewes, between King Henry III of England and the rebel Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, begins.
• 1328 - Antipope Nicholas V, a claimant to the papacy, is consecrated in Rome by the Bishop of Venice.
• 1364 - Jagiellonian University in Kraków, the oldest university in Poland, was founded in Kraków, Poland.
• 1551 - National University of San Marcos, the oldest university in the Americas, was founded in Lima, Peru.
• 1588 - French Wars of Religion: Henry III of France flees Paris after Henry of Guise enters the city.
• 1689 - King William's War: William III of England joins the League of Augsburg starting a war with France.
• 1780 - American Revolutionary War: Charleston, South Carolina is taken by British forces.
• 1797 - First Coalition: Napoleon I of France conquers Venice.
• 1862 - U.S federal troops occupy Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Spotsylvania Court House: Thousands of Union and Confederate soldiers die in "the Bloody Angle".
• 1870 - The Manitoba Act was given the Royal Assent, paving the way for Manitoba to become a province of Canada on July 15.
• 1873 - Oscar II of Sweden-Norway is crowned King of Sweden.
• 1881 - In North Africa, Tunisia becomes a French protectorate.
• 1885 - North-West Rebellion: The four-day Battle of Batoche, pitting rebel Métis against the Canadian government, comes to an end with a decisive rebel defeat.
• 1890 - The first-ever official County Championship match begins. Yorkshire beat Gloucestershire by eight wickets at Bristol. George Ulyett scores the first century in the competition.
• 1926 - UK General Strike 1926: In the United Kingdom, a nine-day general strike by trade unions ends.
• 1932 - Ten weeks after his abduction, the infant son of Charles Lindbergh is found dead in Hopewell, New Jersey just a few miles from the Lindbergh's home.
• 1937 - Coronation of King George VI of Britain at Westminster Abbey.
• 1942 - World War II: Second Battle of Kharkov – In the eastern Ukraine, the Soviet Army initiates a major offensive. During the battle the Soviets will capture the city of Kharkov from the German Army, only to be encircled and destroyed.
• 1942 - 1,500 Jews are sent to gas chambers in Auschwitz.
• 1949 - Cold War: The Soviet Union lifts its Blockade of Berlin.
• 1952 - Gaj Singh crowned Maharaja of Jodhpur.
• 1958 - A formal North American Aerospace Defense Command agreement is signed between the United States and Canada.
• 1962 - Douglas MacArthur delivers his famous "Duty, Honor, Country" valedictory speech at West Point.
• 1965 - The Soviet spacecraft Luna 5 crashes on the Moon.
• 1966 - Busch Memorial Stadium, home of the St. Louis Cardinals major league baseball team, opens in St. Louis, Missouri.
• 1967 - At Queen Elizabeth Hall, England, Pink Floyd stages the first-ever quadraphonic rock concert.
• 1970 - Ernie Banks becomes the ninth member of the 500 home run club with a home run at Wrigley Field in Chicago, Illinois.
• 1972 - The Rolling Stones release Exile On Main Street, often considered their best album.
• 1975 - Mayagüez incident: The Cambodian navy seizes the American merchant ship SS Mayaguez in international waters.
• 1978 - In Zaire, rebels occupy the city of Kolwezi, the mining center of the province of Shaba. The government of Zaire asks the U.S., France and Belgium to restore order.
• 1989 - A Southern Pacific Railroad freight train derails on Duffy Street on the very steep Cajon Pass in San Bernardino, California.
• 1997 - In the 7th inning of a baseball game between the Anaheim Angels and the Chicago White Sox, the Angels score 13 runs.
• 1999 - David Steel becomes the first Presiding Officer (speaker) of the modern Scottish Parliament.
• 2000 - The Tate Modern art gallery opens in London.
• 2001 - In Copenhagen, Denmark, Tanel Padar & Dave Benton win the forty-sixth Eurovision Song Contest for Estonia singing "Everybody".
• 2002 - Former President Jimmy Carter arrives in Cuba for a five-day visit with Fidel Castro becoming first President of the United States, in or out of office, to visit the island since Castro's 1959 revolution.
• 2003 - The Riyadh compound bombings, carried out by Al Qaeda, kill 26.

[Misafir]

Events (May 13th)

• 1497 - Pope Alexander VI excommunicates Girolamo Savonarola.
• 1568 - Battle of Langside: the forces of Mary Queen of Scots are defeated by a confederacy of Scottish Protestants under James Stewart, Earl of Moray, her half-brother.
• 1619 - Dutch statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is executed in The Hague after having been accused of treason.
• 1648 - Construction of the Red Fort at Dehli was completed.
• 1779 - War of Bavarian Succession: Russian and French mediators at the Congress of Teschen negotiate an end to the war. In the agreement Austria receives the part of its territory that was taken from them (the Inn District).
• 1787 - Captain Arthur Phillip leaves Portsmouth, England with eleven ships full of convicts (First Fleet) to establish a penal colony in Australia.
• 1830 - Ecuador gains its independence.
• 1846 - Mexican-American War: The United States declares war on Mexico.
• 1848 - First performance of Finland's national anthem.
• 1861 - American Civil War: Queen Victoria of Britain issues a "proclamation of neutrality" which recognizes the breakaway states as having belligerent rights.
• 1861 - Great Comet of 1861 discovered in Australia.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Resaca – the battle begins with Union General Sherman fighting toward Atlanta.
• 1865 - American Civil War: Battle of Palmito Ranch – In far south Texas, more than a month after Confederate General Lee's surrender, the last land battle of the Civil War ends with a Confederate victory.
• 1880 - In Menlo Park, New Jersey, Thomas Edison performs the first test of his electric railway.
• 1888 - With the passage of the Lei Áurea ("Golden Law"), Brazil abolishes slavery.
  
• 1909 - The first Giro d'Italia took place in Milan. Italian cyclist Luigi Ganna was the winner.
• 1912 - In the United Kingdom, the Royal Flying Corps (now the Royal Air Force) was established.
• 1913 - Igor Sikorsky becomes the first man to pilot a four-engine aircraft.
• 1917 - Three peasant children report seeing the Blessed Virgin Mary near Fatima, Portugal.[1]
  
• 1917 - The Nuncio Eugenio Pacelli, the future Pope Pius XII, is consecrated Archbishop by Pope Benedict XV.
• 1940 - World War II: Germany's conquest of France begins as the German army crosses the Meuse River. Churchill makes his "blood, toil, tears, and sweat" speech to the House of Commons.
• 1940 - Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands flees the Nazi invasion in the Netherlands to Britain. Princess Juliana takes her children to Canada for their safety.
• 1941 - World War II: Serbian royal officer Dragoljub Mihailovitchstarts fighting with German occupation troops, beginning the Serbian resistance.
• 1943 - World War II: German Afrika Korps and Italian troops in North Africa surrender to Allied forces.
• 1948 - 1948 Arab-Israeli War: The Kfar Etzion massacre is committed by Arab irregulars, the day before the declaration of independence of the state of Israel on May 14.
• 1958 - During a visit to Caracas, Venezuela, Vice President Richard M. Nixon's car is attacked by anti-American demonstrators.
• 1958 - Pierre Pflimlin becomes Prime Minister of France.
• 1958 - Velcro's trade mark is registered.
• 1967 - Dr. Zakhir Hussain became 3rd President of India. He was the first Muslim President of Indian Union. He held this position till August 24, 1969.
• 1969 - Race riots in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, later known as the 13 May Incident.
• 1972 - Faulty electrical wiring ignites a fire underneath the Playtown Cabaret in Osaka. Blocked exits and nonfunctional elevators cause 118 fatalities, with many victims leaping to their deaths.
• 1981 - Mehmet Ali Ağca attempts to assassinate Pope John Paul II in St. Peter's Square in Rome.
• 1985 - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania police storm MOVE headquarters to end a stand-off killing 11 MOVE members and destroying the homes of 250 city residents.
• 1996 - Severe thunderstorms and a tornado in Bangladesh kill 600 people.
• 1998 - Following India's second round of nuclear tests the United States and Japan impose economic sanctions.
• 1998 - India carries out two more nuclear tests at Pokharan in Rajasthan.
• 2000 - Lara Dutta (21), who said beauty pageants give women a platform to voice our choices and opinions is named Miss Universe 2000 in the Cyprus capital Nicosia.
  
• 2000 - In Enschede, the Netherlands, a fireworks factory explodes, killing 22 people, wounding 950, and resulting in approximately €450 million in damage.
• 2005 - The Andijan Massacre occurs in Uzbekistan.

[Misafir]

Events (May 14th)

• 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the de facto ruler of England.
• 1483 - Coronation of Charles VIII of France ("Charles l'Affable").
• 1509 - Battle of Agnadello: In northern Italy, French forces defeat the Venetians.
• 1607 - Jamestown, Virginia is settled as an English colony.
• 1608 - Protestant Union founded in Auhausen.
• 1643 - Four-year-old Louis XIV becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Louis XIII.
• 1747 - A British fleet under AdmiralGeorge Anson defeats the French at first battle of Cape Finisterre.
• 1787 - In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, delegates begin to meet to write a new Constitution for the United States.
• 1796 - Edward Jenner administers the first smallpoxvaccination.
• 1804 - The Lewis and Clark Expedition departs from Camp Dubois and begin their historic journey by traveling up the Missouri River.
• 1811 - Paraguay gains independence from Spain.
• 1861 - The Canellas meteorite, an 859-gramchondrite-type meteorite strikes the earth near Barcelona, Spain.
• 1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Jackson (MS).
• 1870 - The first game of rugby in New Zealand is played in Nelson between Nelson College and the Nelson Rugby Football Club.
• 1889 - The children's charity the NSPCC is launched in London.
• 1900 - The 1900 Summer Olympics open in Paris.
• 1913 - New YorkGovernorWilliam Sulzer approves the charter for the Rockefeller Foundation, which begins operations with a $100 million donation from John D. Rockefeller.
• 1927 - Cap Arcona is launched at the Blohm + Voss shipyard in Hamburg.
• 1929 - Wilfred Rhodes takes his 4000th first-class wicket during a performance of 9 for 39 at Leyton.
• 1931 - Ådalen shootings, five people are killed in Ådalen, Sweden, as soldiers open fire on an unarmed trade union manifestation.
• 1935 - The Filipinos ratify an independence agreement.
• 1935 - NorthamptonshireCricket Club gains (over Somerset at Taunton by 48 runs) what proved to be their last victory for 99 matches, easily a record in the County Championship. Their next Championship win was not until 29 May, 1939.
• 1939 - Lina Medina becomes the world's youngest confirmed mother in medical history at the age of five.
• 1940 - World War II: Rotterdam is bombed by the GermanLuftwaffe.
• 1940 - World War II: The Netherlands surrender to Germany.
• 1948 - Israel declared to be an independent state and a provisional government is established. Immediately after the declaration, Israel was attacked by the neighboring Arab state/
• 1955 - Cold War: Eight communist bloc countries, including the Soviet Union, sign a mutual defence treaty called the Warsaw Pact.
• 1961 - American civil rights movement: Freedom Riders bus is fire-bombed near Anniston, Alabama, and the civil rights protestors are beaten by an angry mob.
• 1970 - The Red Army Faction is established in Germany.
• 1973 - Skylab, the United States' first space station, is launched. It is the last launch of the Saturn V rocket.
• 1977 - In Milan, Italy, during a demonstration of the far-left, some hooded extremist shoot at the police, killing a policeman, Antonino Custrà. The scene is photographed and the picture of the hooded man shooting in the middle of the street will appear in many magazines around the world.
• 1978 - First round of the presidential elections in Upper Volta.
• 1981 - Concert in Caracas of El Trabuco Venezolano and Irakere (First day).
• 1986 - Formula One Italian driver Elio De Angelis has a terrible crash with his Brabham at the Paul Ricard circuit in France during a test session. He will die the day later at the Marseille hospital.
• 1995 - Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, proclaims six-year-old Gedhun Choekyi Nyima as the eleventh reincarnation of the Panchen Lama.
• 1998 - The finale of Seinfeld airs on NBC, with 76 million viewers tuning in to watch Jerry, George, Elaine, and Kramer stand trial in the fictional Lathem, MassachusettsGood Samaritan Law.
• 2002 - Ten members of the Darwin-based Network Against Prohibition invade the Legislative Assembly of the Northern Territory of Australia.
• 2004 - The marriage of Frederik, Crown Prince of Denmark and Mary Donaldson takes place in Copenhagen.
• 2005 - Pope Benedict XVI observes his first beatification, elevating Blessed Marianne of Molokai on the road to canonization into sainthood

[Misafir]

Events (May 15th)

• 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the papal bull ad exstirpanda, which authorizes the torture of heretics in the Medieval Inquisition. Torture quickly gains widespread usage across Catholic Europe.
• 1514 - Jodocus Badius Ascensius publishes Christiern Pedersen's LatinSaxo’s Gesta Danorum, the oldest known version of that work. version of
• 1525 - The battle of Frankenhausen ends the Peasants' War.
• 1602 - Bartholomew Gosnold becomes the first European to see Cape Cod.
• 1618 - Johannes Kepler confirms his previously rejected discovery of the third law of planetary motion (he first discovered it on March 8 but soon rejected the idea after some initial calculations were made).
• 1701 - The War of the Spanish Succession begins.
• 1718 - James Puckle, a London lawyer, patents the world's first machine gun.
• 1756 - The Seven Years' War begins when England declares war on France.
• 1776 - American Revolution: Virginia convention instructs its delegates to propose a declaration of independence from Great Britain.
• 1795 - First Coalition: Napoleon I of France enters Milan in triumph.
• 1811 - Paraguay declares independence from Spain.
• 1836 - Francis Baily observes "Baily's beads" during an annular eclipse.
• 1849 - Troops of the Two Sicilies take Palermo and crush the republican government of Sicily.
• 1851 - Rama IV is crowned King of Thailand.
• 1858 - The third Royal Opera House officially opens in London.
• 1862 - President Abraham Lincoln signs a bill into law creating the United States Bureau of Agriculture (later renamed USDA).
• 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Resaca, Georgia ends.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of New Market, Virginia – Students from the Virginia Military Institute fight alongside the ConfederateUnion General Franz Sigel out of the Shenandoah Valley. Army to force
• 1869 - Woman's suffrage: In New York, Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton form the National Woman Suffrage Association.
• 1897 - The Greek army retreats with heavy losses in Greco-Turkish War
• 1902 - In a field outside Grass Valley, California, Lyman Gilmoreairplane (a steam-powered glider). reportedly becomes the first person to fly a powered
• 1905 - Las Vegas, Nevada, is founded when 110 acres (0.4 km²), in what later would become downtown, are auctioned off.
• 1910 - The last time a major earthquake happened on the Lake Elsinore Fault.
• 1911 - The United States Supreme Court declares Standard Oil to be an "unreasonable" monopoly under the Sherman Antitrust Act and orders the company to be dissolved.
• 1914 - Bolivia becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyrighttreaty.
• 1918 - Finnish Civil War ends.
• 1918 - The US Post Office Department (later renamed the USPS) begins the first regular airmail service in the world (between New York City, Philadelphia and Washington, DC).
• 1919 - The Winnipeg General Strike began. By 11:00, virtually the entire working population of Winnipeg had walked off the job.
• 1919 - Greek invasion of Izmir, resulting in the massacre of hundreds of Turks by the Greek army. Hasan Tahsin fired the first gun of the Turkish War of Independence.
• 1928 - Release of the animated short "Plane Crazy", featuring the first appearances of Mickey and Minnie Mouse.
• 1930 - Aboard a Boeing tri-motor, Ellen Church becomes the first airline stewardess, on a flight from Oakland, California to Chicago, Illinois.
• 1932 - The May 15 Incident. In an attempted coup the Prime MinisterJapan Inukai Tsuyoshi is killed. of
• 1934 - The United States Department of Justice offers a $25,000 reward for John Dillinger.
• 1934 - Kārlis Ulmanis establishes an authoritarian government in Latvia.
• 1940 - Nylon stockings go on sale for the first time in the United States.
• 1940 - World War II: German troops occupy Amsterdam and invade Northern France.
• 1941 - Baseball player Joe DiMaggio starts his record-breaking 56-game hitting streak.
• 1942 - World War II: In the United States, a bill creating the Women's Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC) is signed into law.
• 1943 - Joseph Stalin dissolves the Comintern (or Third International).
• 1945 - Last skirmish of the Second World War in Europe fought near Prevalje, Slovenia.
• 1948 - Egypt, Transjordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq and Saudi ArabiaIsrael. attack
• 1951 - The Polish cultural attache in Paris, Czeslaw Milosz, asks the French government for political asylum.
• 1955 - Austrian Independence Treaty signed.
• 1955 - First ascent of Makalu, the world's fifth highest mountain.
• 1957 - Britain tests its first hydrogen bomb in Operation Grapple.
• 1958 - The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 3.
• 1960 - The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 4.
• 1963 - Mercury program: America launches the last mission of the program, Mercury 9 (on June 12 NASA Administrator James E. WebbCongress the program was complete). told
• 1964 - The Smothers Brothers give their first concert in Carnegie HallNew York City. in
• 1970 - The Beatles' last LP, Let It Be, is released in the United States.
• 1970 - President Richard Nixon appoints Anna Mae Hays and Elizabeth P. Hoisington the first female United States Army Generals.
• 1970 - Philip Lafayette Gibbs and James Earl Green killed at Jackson State University by police during student protests.
• 1972 - The island of Okinawa, under US military governance since its conquest in 1945, reverts to Japanese control.
• 1972 - In Laurel, Maryland, Arthur Bremer shoots and paralyzes Alabama Governor George Wallace while Wallace is campaigning to be American President.
• 1978 - Lagumot Harris, having only been elected President less than a month before, is replaced as the leader of the republic of Nauru. He is succeeded by Hammer DeRoburt.
• 1981- Concert in Caracas of El Trabuco Venezolano and Irakere(Second day).
• 1988 - Soviet war in Afghanistan: After more than eight years of fighting, the Red Army begins its withdrawal from Afghanistan.
• 1990 - Portrait of Doctor Gachet by Vincent van Gogh is sold for a record $82.5 million, the most expensive painting at the time.
• 1991 - Edith Cresson becomes France's first female prime minister.
• 1992 - The Genoa Expo '92 World's Fair opens in Genoa, Italy.
• 2004 - The largest known prime number at the time of its discovery, 224036583 − 1, is found by Josh Findley and the GIMPS collaborative effort.

[Misafir]

Events (May 16th)

• 1204 - Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned first Emperor of the Latin Empire.
• 1527 - The Florentines drive out the Medici for a second time and Florence re-establishes a republic.
• 1532 - Sir Thomas More resigns as Lord Chancellor of England.
• 1568 - Mary Queen of Scots flees to England.
• 1605 - Paul V becomes Pope.
• 1770 - 14-year old Marie Antoinette marries 15-year-old Louis-Auguste who later becomes king of France.
• 1777 - Lachlan McIntosh and Button Gwinnett shoot each other during a duel near Savannah, Georgia. Gwinnett, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, dies three days later.
• 1836 - Edgar Allan Poe marries his 13-year-old cousin Virginia.
• 1843 - The first major wagon train heading for the Northwest sets out with one thousand pioneers from Elm Grove, Missouri on the Oregon Trail.
• 1866 - The U.S. Congress eliminates the half dime coin and replaces it with the five cent piece, or nickel.
• 1866 - Charles Elmer Hires invents root beer.
• 1868 - President Andrew Johnson is acquitted during his impeachment trial, by one vote in the United States Senate.
  
• 1874 - A flood on the Mill River in Massachusetts destroyed much of four villages and killed 139 people .
• 1910 - The U.S. Congress authorizes the creation of the United States Bureau of Mines.
• 1918 - The Sedition Act of 1918 is passed by the U.S. Congress, making criticism of the government a jailable offense.
• 1919 - US Navy Naval Curtiss aircraft NC-4 commanded by Albert Cushing Read leaves Trepassey, Newfoundland, for Lisbon via the Azores on the first transatlantic flight.
• 1920 - In Rome, Pope Benedict XV canonizes Joan of Arc as a saint.
• 1929 - In Hollywood, California, the first Academy Awards are handed out.
• 1938 - A fire at the Terminal Hotel in Atlanta, Georgia, kills 35 people.
• 1943 - Holocaust: The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising ends.
• 1943 - World War II: The Dambuster Raids by No. 617 Squadron RAF on German dams.
  
• 1948 - Chaim Weizmann is elected as the first President of Israel.
• 1960 - Nikita Khrushchev demands an apology from US President Dwight D. Eisenhower for U-2 spy plane flights over the Soviet Union thus ending a Big Four summit in Paris.
• 1960 - Theodore Maiman operates the first optical laser, at Hughes Research Laboratories in Malibu, California.
• 1965 - Campbell Soup Company introduces SpaghettiOs under its Franco-American brand.
• 1966 - The Communist Party of China issued the "May 16 Notice", marking the beginning of the Cultural Revolution.
• 1969 - Venera program: Venera 5, a Soviet spaceprobe, lands on Venus.
• 1972 - Decimal currency introduced in Malta. The Pound sterling is henceforth divided into 100 cents.
• 1975 - India annexes Sikkim after the mountain state held a referendum where popular vote was in favour of merging with India.
• 1975 - Junko Tabei becomes the first woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest.
• 1988 - A report by American Surgeon General C. Everett Koop states that the addictive properties of nicotine are similar to those of heroin and cocaine.
  
• 1992 - STS-49: Space Shuttle Endeavour lands safely after a successful maiden voyage.
• 2003 - In Casablanca, Morocco, 33 civilians are killed and more than 100 people are injured in the Casablanca terrorist attacks.
• 2005 - Kuwait permits women's suffrage in a 35-23 National Assembly vote.
• 2006 - A large magnitude 7.4 earthquake occurs near New Zealand.