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Events (May 22nd)

• 1176 - Murder attempt by the Hashshashin (Assassins) on Saladin near Aleppo.
• 1377 - Pope Gregory XI issues five papal bulls to denounce the doctrines of English theologian John Wycliffe.
• 1455 - Wars of the Roses: At the First Battle of St Albans, Richard, Duke of York, defeats and captures King Henry VI of England.
• 1762 - Sweden and Prussia sign the Treaty of Hamburg.
• 1807 - A grand jury indicts former Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr on a charge of treason.
• 1819 - The SS Savannah leaves port at Savannah, Georgia, United States, on a voyage to become the first steamship to cross the Atlantic Ocean. The ship arrived at Liverpool, England on June 20.
• 1840 - The transporting of British convicts to the New South Wales colony is abolished.
• 1856 - Congressman Preston Brooks of South Carolina beats Senator Charles Sumner with a cane in the hall of the United States Senate for a speech Sumner had made attacking Southerners who sympathized with the pro-slavery violence in Kansas ("Bleeding Kansas").
• 1872 - Reconstruction: U.S. President Ulysses S. Grant signs the Amnesty Act of 1872 into law restoring full civil rights to all but about 500 Confederate sympathizers.
• 1906 - The 1906 Summer Olympics, not now recognized as part of the official Olympic Games, opens in Athens.
• 1906 - Wright brothers are granted U.S. patent number 821,393 for their "Flying-Machine".
• 1915 - Four trains collide in the Quintinshill rail crash near Gretna Green, Scotland, killing 227 people and injuring 246; the accident is found to be the result of non-standard operating practices during a shift change at a busy junction.
• 1936 - Aer Lingus (Irish:Aer Loingeas) is founded by the Irish government as the national airline of the Republic of Ireland.
• 1939 - World War II: Germany and Italy sign the Pact of Steel.
• 1942 - Mexico enters World War II on the side of the Allies.
• 1947 - Cold War: In an effort to fight the spread of Communism, U.S. President Harry S. Truman signs an act into law that will later be called the Truman Doctrine. The act grants $400 million in military and economic aid to Turkey and Greece.
• 1960 - An earthquake measuring 9.5 on the Richter scale, now known as the Great Chilean Earthquake, hits southern Chile. It is the most powerful earthquake ever recorded.
• 1962 - Continental Airlines Flight 11 crashes after bombs explode.
• 1964 - U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson announces the goals of his Great Society social reforms to bring an "end to poverty and racial injustice" in America.
• 1967 - The Innovation department store in the centre of Brussels, Belgium, burns down. It is the most devastating fire in Belgian history, which results in 323 dead and missing and 150 injured.
• 1967 - Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, the longest-running children's series on U.S. television, airs its first episode.
• 1968 - The nuclear-powered submarine the USS Scorpion sinks with 99 men aboard 400 miles southwest of the Azores.
• 1969 - Apollo 10's lunar module flies within 8.4 nautical miles (16 km) of the moon's surface.
• 1972 - Ceylon adopts a new constitution, changes its name to Sri Lanka, and joins the Commonwealth of Nations.
• 1990 - North and South Yemen are unified to create the Republic of Yemen.
• 1990 - The Windows 3.0 operating system is released by Microsoft.
• 1992 - After 30 years, 66-year-old Johnny Carson hosts The Tonight Show for the last time.
• 1997 - Kelly Flinn, US Air Force's first female bomber pilot certified for combat, accepts a general discharge in order to avoid a court martial.
• 1998 - Lewinsky scandal: A federal judge rules that United States Secret Service agents can be compelled to testify before a grand jury concerning the scandal, involving President Bill Clinton.
• 2002 - In Washington, DC, the remains of the missing Chandra Levy are found in Rock Creek Park.
• 2002 - American civil rights movement: A jury in Birmingham, Alabama, convicts former Ku Klux Klan member Bobby Frank Cherry of the 1963 murders of four girls in the bombing of the 16th Street Baptist Church.
• 2003 - In Fort Worth, Texas, Annika Sörenstam becomes the first woman to play the PGA Tour in 58 years.
• 2004 - Felipe, Prince of Asturias, of the Spanish Royal Family marries Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano.
• 2004 - The U.S. town of Hallam, Nebraska, is wiped out by a powerful F4 tornado that broke a width record at an astounding 2.5 miles wide. It also killed one local resident.
• 2006 - Results from the Montenegrin independence referendum, 2006 are announced. 55.4% of voters voted to become independent from the Serbia and Montenegro Union.

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Events (May 23rd)

• 1430 - Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne. (See Siege of Compiègne.)
• 1498 - Girolamo Savonarola is executed on the orders of Pope Alexander VI
• 1533 - The marriage of King Henry VIII to Catherine of Aragon is declared null and void.
• 1541 - Jacques Cartier leaves St-Malo, France on his third voyage.
• 1555 - Paul IV becomes Pope.
• 1568 - Netherlands declared independence from Spain.
• 1568 - Dutch rebels led by Louis of Nassau, brother of William I of Orange, defeat Jean de Ligne, Duke of Aremberg and his loyalist troops in the Battle of Heiligerlee, opening the Eighty Years' War.
• 1609 - Official ratification of the Second Charter of Virginia takes place.
• 1618 - The Second Defenestration of Prague precipitates the Thirty Years' War.
• 1701 - After being convicted of piracy and of murdering William Moore, Captain William Kidd is hanged in London.
• 1706 - Battle of Ramillies - the John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough defeats a French army under Marshal Villeroi.
• 1788 - South Carolina becomes the 8th U.S. state to ratify the United States Constitution.
• 1805 - Napoleon Bonaparte is crowned King of Italy with the Iron Crown of Lombardy in the Cathedral of Milan.
• 1813 - South American independence leader Simón Bolívar enters Mérida, leading the invasion of Venezuela, and is proclaimed El Libertador ("The Liberator").
• 1844 - Persian Prophet the Báb announces his revelation, founding Bábísm. He announced to the world of the coming of "He whom God shall make manifest." He is considered the forerunner of Bahá'u'lláh, the founder of the Bahá'í Faith.
• 1844 - First Morse code message sent, reading "What hath God wrought".
• 1863 - The Siege of Port Hudson starts.
• 1873 - The Canadian Parliament establishes the North West Mounted Police, the forerunner of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.
• 1900 - American Civil War: Sergeant William Harvey Carney becomes the first African American to be awarded the Medal of Honor, for his heroism in the Assault on the Battery Wagner.
• 1911 - Dedication ceremony for the New York Public Library.
• 1915 - World War I: Italy joins the Allies after they declare war on Austria-Hungary.
• 1923 - Launch of Belgium's SABENA airline.
• 1929 - The first talking cartoon of Mickey Mouse, The Karnival Kid, was released.
• 1934 - American bank robbers Bonnie and Clyde were ambushed by police and killed in Black Lake, Louisiana.
• 1939 - The U.S. Navy submarine USS Squalus sinks off the coast of New Hampshire during a test dive, causing the death of 26 sailors. The remaining 32 crewmen and one passenger are rescued the following day.
• 1945 - World War II: Heinrich Himmler, the head of the SS, commits suicide while in Allied custody.
• 1945 - World War II: The Flensburg government under Reichspräsident Karl Dönitz was dissolved when its members were captured and arrested by British forces at Flensburg in Northern Germany.
• 1949 - The Federal Republic of Germany is established, and the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany proclaimed.
• 1958 - Explorer I ceases transmission.
• 1960 - Prime Minister of Israel David Ben-Gurion announces that Naziwar criminal Adolf Eichmann has been captured.
• 1967 - Egypt closes the Straits of Tiran and blockades the port of Eilat at the northern end of the Gulf of Aqaba to Israeli shipping, laying the foundations for the Six Day War.
• 1969 - Rock band The Who release Tommy, the first rock opera.
• 1970 - An outbreak of fire occurs in the Britannia Bridge over the Menai Straits in north Wales contributing to its partial destruction and amounting to approximately £1,000,000 worth of fire damage.
• 1977 - Two terrorist actions unfold in The Netherlands: Several dozen hostages are taken onboard a train, and about 100 others (mostly children) are held at a Dutch school. The train siege lasts until June 11.
• 1985 - U.S. engineer Thomas Patrick Cavanagh is sentenced to life in prison for attempting to sell stealth bomber secrets to the Soviet Union.
• 1995 - Oklahoma City bombing: In Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, what remains of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building is imploded.
• 1997 - Mohammad Khatami is elected as President of Iran.
• 1998 - The Good Friday Agreement is accepted in a referendum, with a high margin of three-fourth 'yes' votes to Northern Ireland.
• 1999 - WWE superstar Owen Hart falls to his death during the Pay Per View Over the Edge at the Kemper Arena in Kansas City, Missouri after a botched entrance stunt.
• 2002 - The "55 parties" clause of the Kyoto protocol is reached after its ratification by Iceland.
• 2003 - The euro exceeds its initial trading value as it hits $1.18 for the first time since its introduction in 1999.
• 2003 - 25-year-old Nepalese Sherpa, Pemba Dorjie Sherpa, makes the fastest-ever ascent of Mount Everest, in 12 hours 45 minutes. This is broken by his rival Sherpa Lakpa Gelu only three days later.
• 2004 - Part of Paris Charles De Gaulle International Airport Terminal 2E collapses, killing five people and injuring three others.

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Events (May 24th)

• 1153 - Malcolm IV becomes King of Scotland.
• 1218 - The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt.
• 1276 - Magnus Ladulås crowned King of Sweden in Uppsala Cathedral.
• 1487 - Imposter Lambert Simnel is crowned as "King Edward VI" at Dublin.
• 1595 - Nomenclator of Leiden University Library appears, the first printed catalog of an institutional library.
• 1621 - Protestant Union formally dissolved.
• 1626 - Peter Minuit buys Manhattan.
• 1668 - Glen Cove, New York is founded.
• 1689 - The English Parliament passes the Act of Toleration protecting Protestants (Roman Catholics are intentionally excluded).
• 1738 - John Wesley is converted, essentially launching the Methodist movement; the day is celebrated annually by Methodists as Aldersgate Day.
• 1787 - The United States Constitutional Convention is convened after a quorum of delegates arrives in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• 1798 - Irish republican rebellion against British rule begins.
• 1822 - Battle of Pichincha: Antonio José de Sucre secures the independence of the Presidency of Quito.
• 1830 - Mary had a little lamb by Sarah Hale is published.
• 1844 - The first electric telegram is sent by Samuel F. B. Morse, from Baltimore, Maryland, to Washington, D.C., saying "What hath God wrought?".
• 1846 - Mexican-American War: General Zachary Taylor captures Monterrey.
• 1856 - John Brown and his men murder five slavery supporters at Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas.
• 1861 - American Civil War: Union troops occupy Alexandria, Virginia.
• 1883 - The Brooklyn Bridge in New York is opened to traffic after 14 years of construction.
• 1893 - The Niagara Falls Park and River Railway opens in Ontario.
• 1895 - Henry Irving becomes the first personage from the theatre to be knighted.
• 1899 - The first public parking garage in the United States is opened in Boston, Massachusetts.
• 1900 - Second Boer War: The United Kingdom annexes the Orange Free State.
• 1911 - The New York Public Library opened.
• 1915 - World War I: Italy declares war on Austria-Hungary.
• 1921 - The trial of Sacco and Vanzetti opens.
• 1929 - The Cocoanuts, the first film to star the Marx Brothers, opens.
• 1930 - Amy Johnson lands in Darwin, Northern Territory, becoming the first woman to fly from England to Australia (she left on May 5 for the 11,000 mile flight).
• 1935 - Crosley Field in Cincinnati, Ohio, hosts major-league baseball's first night game ever as the Cincinnati Reds beat the Philadelphia Phillies 2-1.
• 1940 - Igor Sikorsky performs the first successful single-rotor helicopter flight.
• 1941 - World War II: In the North Atlantic, the German Battleship Bismarck sinks the HMS Hood killing all but three crewmen on what was the pride of the Royal Navy.
• 1943 - Holocaust: Josef Mengele becomes chief medical officer in Auschwitz concentration camp.
• 1949 - The Soviet Union ends the 11-month Berlin Blockade.
• 1958 - United Press International is formed through a merger of the United Press and the International News Service.
• 1961 - American civil rights movement: Freedom Riders are arrested in Jackson, Mississippi for "disturbing the peace" after disembarking from their bus.
• 1962 - American astronaut Scott Carpenter orbits the Earth three times in the Aurora 7 space capsule.
• 1968 - Students set fire to the Paris bourse.
• 1968 - FLQ separatists bomb the U.S. consulate in Quebec City.
• 1974 - After a nine-year run, The Dean Martin Show airs for the last time.
• 1976 - London to Washington, DC Concorde service begins.
• 1980 - The International Court of Justice calls for the release of United States embassy hostages in Tehran.
• 1980 - Bobby Nystrom scores the game winning overtime goal to lift the New York Islanders to their first of four consecutive Stanley Cups.
• 1981 - First International Women's Day for Disarmament.
• 1988 - Section 28 is passed as law by Parliament in the United Kingdom.
• 1989 - Sonia Sutcliffe, wife of the Yorkshire Ripper, is awarded a six-figure sum in damages after winning a libel action against Private Eye.
• 1990 - A car carrying American Earth First! activists Judi Bari and Darryl Cherney explodes in Oakland, California, critically injuring both.
• 1991 - Israel conducts Operation Solomon, evacuating Ethiopian Jews to Israel.
• 1992 - The last Thai dictator, General Suchinda Kraprayoon, resigns following pro-democracy protests.
• 1993 - Eritrea gains its independence from Ethiopia.
• 1993 - Microsoft unveils Windows NT.
• 2000 - Israeli troops withdraw from southern Lebanon after 22 years of occupation.
• 2001 - Mountain climbing: 15-year-old Sherpa Temba Tsheri becomes the youngest person to climb to the top of Mount Everest.
• 2001 - The Versailles wedding hall collapse in Jerusalem, Israel, kills 23 and injures over 200 in Israel's worst-ever civil disaster.

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Events (May 25th)

• 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo back from the Moors.
• 1420 - Henry the Navigator is appointed governor of the Order of Christ.
• 1521 - The Diet of Worms ends when Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, issues the Edict of Worms, declaring Martin Luther an outlaw.
• 1659 - Richard Cromwell resigns as Lord Protector of England following the restoration of the Long Parliament, beginning a second brief period of the republican government called the Commonwealth.
• 1787 - In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, delegates convene a Constitutional Convention to write a new Constitution for the United States. George Washington presides.
• 1810 - In the May Revolution, armed citizens of Buenos Aires expel the Viceroy during the Semana de Mayo.
• 1865 - In Mobile, Alabama, 300 are killed when an ordnance depot explodes.
• 1895 - Playwright, poet and novelist Oscar Wilde is convicted of "committing acts of gross indecency with other male persons" and sentenced to serve two years in prison.
• 1895 - The Republic of Formosa is formed, with Tang Ching-sung as the president.
• 1914 - The United Kingdom's House of Commons passes Home Rule Act for devolution in Ireland.
• 1925 - Scopes Trial: John T. Scopes is indicted for teaching Darwin's theory of evolution.
• 1925 - The National Forensics League of the U.S. is founded.
• 1926 - Sholom Schwartzbard assassinates Symon Petliura, the head of the Paris-based government-in-exile of Ukrainian People's Republic.
• 1932 - Goofy makes his debut.
• 1935 - In a span of 45 minutes at the Big Ten meet in Ann Arbor, Michigan, Jesse Owens sets or ties four track and field world records.
• 1935 - Babe Ruth hits his 714th and last home run at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, setting a baseball record that will stand for 39 years.
• 1938 - Spanish Civil War: Bombing of Alicante, 313 deaths.
• 1940 - World War II: The Battle of Dunkirk begins.
• 1946 - The parliament of Transjordan makes Abdullah I of Jordan their king.
• 1953 - Nuclear testing: At the Nevada Test Site, the United States conducts its first and only nuclear artillery test.
• 1955 - Kanchenjunga, third highest peak in the world is scaled successfully for the first time.
• 1961 - Apollo program: U.S. president John F. Kennedy announces before a special joint session of Congress his goal to initiate a project to put a "man on the moon" before the end of the decade.
• 1963 - In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, the Organisation of African Unity is established.
• 1965 - Muhammad Ali knocks out Sonny Liston in the first minute of the first round of a boxing match.
• 1966 - Explorer program: Explorer 32 launches.
• 1966 - The first prominent DaZiBao during the Cultural Revolution in China was posted at Peking University.
• 1977 - Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope opens in theaters and eventually becomes the highest grossing film of all time.
• 1979 - American Airlines Flight 191: In Chicago, Illinois, a DC-10 crashes during takeoff at O'Hare International Airport killing 271 on board and two people on the ground.
• 1979 - Florida executes John Spenkelink, the first non-voluntary execution in the United States in more than 10 years.
• 1981 - In Riyadh, the Gulf Cooperation Council is created between Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.
• 1982 - HMS Coventry is sunk during the Falklands War.
• 1985 - Bangladesh is hit by a tropical cyclone and storm surge, which kills approximately 10,000 people.
• 1992 - Jay Leno takes over as host of The Tonight Show.
• 1995 - The Bosnian Serb Army kills 72 youngsters in the Bosnian city of Tuzla.
• 1996 - Bradley Nowell, lead singer of Sublime, dies from a heroin overdose in San Francisco, at age 28.
• 1997 - A military coup in Sierra Leone replaces President Ahmad Tejan Kabbah with Major Johnny Paul Koromah.
• 1997 - Strom Thurmond becomes the longest-serving member in the history of the United States Senate, at 41 years and 10 months.
• 1999 - The two officers scapegoated after the 1941 Attack on Pearl Harbor, Rear Admiral Kimmel and Lieutenant General Short were exonerated (posthumously) by the U.S. Senate of all charges of dereliction of duty.
• 2000 - Liberation Day of Lebanon. Israel withdraws its army from most of the Lebanese territory after 22 years of its first invasion in 1978.
• 2001 - 32-year-old Erik Weihenmayer, of Boulder, Colorado, becomes the first blind person to reach the summit of Mount Everest.
• 2001 - 64-year-old Sherman Bull, of New Canaan, Connecticut, becomes the oldest person to reach the summit of Mount Everest.
• 2002 - China Airlines Flight 611: A Boeing 747-200 breaks apart in mid-air and plunges into the Taiwan Strait killing 225 people.
• 2002 - A train crash in Tenga, Mozambique kills 197 people.
• 2003 - Néstor Kirchner becomes President of Argentina after defeating Carlos Menem. He is the first elected President since the economic crisis.

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Events (May 26th)

• 1328 - William of Ockham, Franciscan Minister-General Michael of Cesena, and two other Franciscan leaders secretly leave Avignon, fearing a sentence of death from Pope John XXII.
• 1538 - Geneva expels John Calvin and his followers from the city. Calvin lives in exile in Strasbourg for the next three years.
• 1637 - Pequot War: A combined Puritan and Mohegan force under English Captain John Mason attacks a Pequot village in Connecticut, massacring approximately 500 Native Americans.
• 1670 - In Dover, King Charles II of England and King Louis XIV of France sign the Secret Treaty of Dover.
• 1736 - Battle of Ackia: British and Chickasaw soldiers repel a French and Choctaw attack on the Chickasaw village of Ackia, near present-day Tupelo, Mississippi. The French, under Louisiana governor Jean Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville, had sought to link Louisiana with Acadia and the other northern colonies of New France.
• 1805 - Napoléon Bonaparte (Napoleon I) assumes the title of King of Italy and is crowned with the Iron Crown of Lombardy in the Duomo di Milano gothic cathedral in Milan.
• 1828 - Mysterious feral child Kaspar Hauser is discovered wandering the streets of Nuremberg.
• 1830 - The Indian Removal Act is passed by the U.S. Congress; it is signed into law by President Andrew Jackson two days later.
• 1864 - Montana is organized as a United States territory.
• 1865 - American Civil War: Confederate General Edmund Kirby Smith, commander of the Confederate Trans-Mississippi division, is the last general of the Confederate Army to surrender, at Galveston, Texas.
• 1868 - The impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson ends, with Johnson being found not guilty by one vote.
• 1879 - Russia and the United Kingdom sign the Treaty of Gandamak establishing an Afghan state.
• 1889 - Opening of the first Eiffel Tower elevator to the public.
• 1896 - Nicholas II becomes Tsar of Russia.
• 1896 - Charles Dow publishes the first edition of the Dow Jones Industrial Average.
• 1896 - James Dunham murders six people in Campbell, California.
• 1906 - Vauxhall Bridge is opened in London.
• 1908 - At Masjid-al-Salaman in southwest Persia, the first major commercial oil strike in the Middle East is made. The rights to the resource are quickly acquired by the United Kingdom.
• 1917 - A powerful F4 tornado rips Mattoon, Illinois apart, killing 101 persons and injuring 689. It was the world´s longest-lasting tornado, lasting for over 7 hours and traveling 293 miles, spreading death and destruction along its path.
• 1918 - The Democratic Republic of Georgia is established.
• 1936 - In the House of Commons of Northern Ireland, Tommy Henderson begins speaking on the Appropriation Bill. By the time he sat down in the early hours of the following morning, he had spoken for 10 hours.
• 1938 - The House Un-American Activities Committee begins its first session.
• 1940 - World War II: Battle of Dunkirk – In France, Allied forces begin a massive evacuation from Dunkirk.
• 1948 - The U.S. Congress passes Public Law 557 which permanently establishes the Civil Air Patrol as an auxiliary of the United States Air Force.
• 1963 - The Organisation of African Unity is formed.
• 1966 - British Guiana gains independence, becoming Guyana.
• 1969 - Apollo program: Apollo 10 returns to earth after a successful eight-day test of all the components needed for the forthcoming first manned moon landing.
• 1969 - John Lennon and Yoko Ono begin their second Bed-In for Peace at the Queen Elizabeth Hotel in Montreal.
• 1970 - The Soviet Tupolev Tu-144 becomes the first commercial transport to exceed Mach 2.
• 1972 - Willandra National Park is established in Australia.
• 1972 - The United States and the Soviet Union sign the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.
• 1977 - George Willig climbs the South Tower of New York City's World Trade Center.
• 1978 - In Atlantic City, New Jersey, Resorts International, the first legal casino in the eastern United States, opens.
• 1982 - Aston Villa Football Club win the European Cup, beating Bayern Munich 1-0 in Rotterdam.
• 1983 - Strong 7.7 magnitude earthquake strikes Japan, triggers a tsunami that kills at least 104 people, injures thousands. Many missing people and thousands of buildings destroyed.
• 1986 - The European Community adopts the European flag.
• 1991 - Zviad Gamsakhurdia becomes the first democratically elected President of the Republic of Georgia in the post-Soviet era.
• 1991 - Lauda Air Flight 004 explodes over rural Thailand, killing 223.
• 1992 - Charles Geschke, co-founder of Adobe Systems, Inc. was kidnapped at gunpoint from the Adobe parking lot in Mountain View, California for $650,000 and is held hostage in a rented house in Hollister, California. The FBI rescues him four days later.
• 1995 - Teresa Heinz marries U.S. Senator John Kerry in Nantucket, Massachusetts.
• 1999 - Manchester United win the UEFA Champions League to complete an unprecedented treble.
• 2002 - The Mars Odyssey finds signs of huge water ice deposits on the planet Mars.
• 2002 - Álvaro Uribe becomes President of Colombia.
• 2003 - Only three days after a previous record, Sherpa Lakpa Gelu climbs Mount Everest in 10 hours 56 minutes. The tourism ministry of Nepal confirms this record in July that year.
• 2004 - The New York Times publishes an admission of journalistic failings, claiming that its flawed reporting and lack of skeptism towards sources during the buildup to the 2003 war in Iraq helped promote the belief that Iraq possessed large stockpiles of weapons of mass destruction.