�ngilizce geni� zaman ve ge�mi� zamanla ilgili bilgi verir misiniz?

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE(geni� zaman)

● Simple Present Tense T�rk�e'deki geni� zaman�n ifadesidir. A�a��da bu zaman�n kullan�m�yla ilgili ders anlat�m� vard�r.

Auxiliary verbs: do/does don't/doesn't

D�KKAT!: ��nc� tekil �ah�slarda (he,she,it) olumlu c�mlelerde fiilin sonuna "s" tak�s� gelir. Olumsuz ve soru c�mlelerinde does veya doesn't kullan�ld�� i�in fiilin sonuna "s" tak�s� gelmez.

("He,she ve it" ��nc� tekil �ah�s olduklar� i�in olumlu c�mlede g�r�ld�� gibi fiilin sonuna "s" tak�s� gelmi�tir. Ama olumsuz ve soru c�mlelerinde yard�mc� fiil kullan�ld�� i�in "s" kullan�lmam��t�r.)

USE 1 Repeated Actions
(Tekrarlanan eylemler)

Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens.

(Simple Present Tense bir eylemin s�rekli tekrarland�� veya al��lagelmi� oldu�u fikrini verir. Bu eylem bir al��kanl�k, hobi, g�nl�k bir olay, planlanm�� bir olay veya s�k s�k tekrar eden bir olay olabilir.)

EXAMPLES:

I play tennis. (Tenis oynar�m)

She does not play tennis. (O teniz oynamaz.)

The train leaves every morning at 8 **. (Tren her sabah saat 8'de hareket eder.)

The train does not leave at 9am. (Tren saat 9'da hareket etmez.)

She always forgets her purse. (O hep c�zdan�n� unutur.)

He never forgets his wallet. (O hi� c�zdan�n� unutmaz.)

Every twelve months, the Earth circles the sun. (Her oniki ayda bir d�nya g�ne�in etraf�nda bir tur atar.)

The sun does not circle the Earth. (G�ne� d�nyan�n �evresinde d�nmez.)

USE 2 Facts or Generalizations
(Ger�ekler veya genellemeler)

The Simple Present can also indicate the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and will be true in the future. It is not important if the speaker is correct about the fact. It is also used to make generalizations about people or things.

(Ge�mi�te, bug�n ve gelecekte konu�an ki�inin a��s�ndan do�rulu�unu hi� kaybetmeyen �eyler i�in kullan�l�r. Ayn� zamanda insanlar veya di�er �eylerle ilgili genelleme yaparken bu zaman kullan�l�r.)

EXAMPLES:

Cats like milk. (Kediler s�t� sever.)

Birds do not like milk. (Ku�lar s�t sevmez.)

California is in America. (Kaliforniya Amerika'dad�r.)

California is not in the United Kingdom. (Kaliforniya �ngiltere'de de�ildir.)

Windows are made of glass. (Pencereler camdan yap�l�r.)

Windows are not made of wood. (Pencereler a�a�tan yap�lmaz.)

New York is a small city.(New Yok k��k bir �elirdir) (Asl�nda New York'un b�y�k bir �ehir olmas�n�n burada bir �nemi yoktur.)
TIME EXPRESSIONS IN SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Time expressions zaman belirten ifadelerdir ve �ngilizce'de her zaman i�in farkl� ifadeler kullan�l�r. �zellikle s�navlarda c�mlenin hangi tense oldu�unu anlamak i�in time expression'lar�n bilinmesi �ok �nemlidir.

always (daima) She always listens to classical music. (O hep klasik m�zik dinler.)
usually (genellikle) I usually go to cinema at weekends. (Genellikle haftasonlar� sinemaya giderim.)
often (s�k s�k) They often visit us. (Bizi s�k s�k ziyaret ederler.)
sometimes (aras�ra) She sometimes writes me a letter. (Bana aras�ra mektup yazar.)
rarely (nadiren) I rarely smoke. (Nadiren sigara i�erim.)
never (hi�, asla) I never drink alcohol. (Hi� alkol i�mem.)
every day/year/week etc. (her g�n/y�l/hafta vs.) I go to work every day. (Herg�n i�e giderim.)

The Simple Future Tense / �ngilizce Gelecek Zaman

Gelecekte yap�lacak olan i�leri anlat�r. �zneden sonra "will" yard�mc� fiili getirilerek kurulur.

�rne�in:

I will go to Ankara tomorrow.
Ben yar�n Ankara'ya gidece�im.

She will begin to study English next week.
O, gelecek hafta ingilizce �al��maya ba�layacak.

OLUMLU �EKL�

�zne yard�mc� fiil fiil t�mle�
I will go to school.
You will watch television
He will write a letter.
She will drink milk
It will eat meat.
We will work in this office.
You will clean your house.
They will play in the garden

OLUMSUZ �EKL�

�zne yard�mc� fiil not fiil t�mle�
I will not go to school.
You will not watch television
He will not write a letter.
She will not drink milk
It will not eat meat.
We will not work in this office.
You will not clean your house.
They will not play in the garden

SORU �EKL�

Soru c�mleleri kurulurken "will" yard�mc� fiili �znenin ba��na getirilir.

yard�mc� fiil �zne fiil t�mle�
Will I go to school?
Will you watch television?
Will he write a letter?
Will she drink milk ?
Will it eat meat?
Will we work in this office?
Will you clean your house?
Will they play in the garden?

��The Simple Past Tense / �ngilizce Ge�mi� Zaman

Ge�mi�te belirli bir zamanda yap�lan i�leri anlat�r.

�rne�in:

I went to Ankara last week.
Ben ge�en hafta Ankara'ya gittim.

He worked in Antalya last summer.
O, ge�en yaz Antalya'da �al��t�.

You wrote a letter last night.
Sen ge�en gece bir mektup yazd�n.

�ngilizce'de fiiller 2 grupta toplan�rlar.

1) Regular verbs (D�zenli fiiller)

2) Irregular verbs (D�zensiz fiiller)

1) D�zenli olanlar, ge�mi� �ekle ge�erken sonuna -ed eki al�rlar. 2. ve 3. �ekilleri ayn�d�r. Her ikisi de -ed eki al�rlar.

2) D�zensiz olanlar, belli bir kurala uymazlar. Onlar�n belli 2. ve 3. �ekilleri vard�r. Bunlar� teker teker tan�yarak ��renece�iz.

1. �ekil 2. �ekil 3. �ekil T�rk�esi
go went gone gitmek
sleep slept slept uyumak
write wrote written yazmak
drink drank drunk i�mek
see saw seen g�rmek
take took taken almak
eat ate eaten yemek
speak spoke spoken konu�mak
begin began begun ba�lamak
bring brought brough getirmek
come came come gelmek

Ge�mi� zaman c�mleleri kurarken �zneden sonra fiilin 2.�ekli getirilir.

OLUMLU �EKL�

�zne fiilin 2.�ekli t�mle�
I went to school yesterday.
You saw him last week.
He worked here last year.
She cleaned the house two hours ago.
We watched television last night.
You spoke to him three days ago.
They played in the garden yesterday.

OLUMSUZ �EKL�

�zne yard�mc� fiil fiilin 1.�ekli t�mle�
I didn't go to school yesterday.
You didn't see him last week.
He didn't work here last year.
She didn't clean the house two hours ago.
We didn't watch television last night.
You didn't speak to him three days ago.
They didn't play in the garden yesterday.

SORU �EKL�

yard�mc� fiil �zne fiilin 1.�ekli t�mle�
Did I go to school yesterday?
Did you see him last week?
Did he work here last year?
Did she clean the house two hours ago?
Did we watch television last night?
Did you speak to him three days ago?
Did they play in the garden ye
kaynak